Smart cities and energy usage: where is most electricity wasted?
This article is also available here in Spanish.

Smart cities and energy usage: where is most electricity wasted?

My list

Author | Lucía Burbano

Energy is essential in managing cities, from infrastructure, telecommunications, transport and practically everything imaginable.

Cities, as with practically the entire global economy, still depend, to a large extent, on fossil fuels in their energy consumption. Cities use around 78% of the world’s energy and are accountable for more than 60% of global CO2 emissions according to the United Nations.

In 2050, around 70% of the world’s population will live in urban areas compared with 57% today. Cities are, therefore, our future and the board on which the transition towards net zero energy will be developed.

Energy wastage in cities

With the increasing decline of industrial models, the greatest consumption and energy usage in cities is, primarily, through the maintenance and operation of built-up infrastructure.

There are other sectors that also use a considerable amount of energy in cities, and which are as follows:

Public lighting

Light pollution is threatening to do away with darkness and also has a significant impact on municipal budgets. Spain, for example, has nine million outdoor lights, which use up around 5,296 GWh of electricity each year, around 2% of the country’s energy consumption.

Public transport

Globally, the transport sector accounts for between 25% and 38% of energy use, with the exception of Singapore, which has managed to make urban mobility more efficient from an energy point of view. Transport is the highest consumer of energy in cities such as Mexico City , Hong Kong and Cape Town.

Technologies to the rescue

electricity wasted 2

There are new and promising technologies for managing energy consumption and expenditure in cities in an efficient and sustainable manner.

Smart energy grids

The sophistication, lower cost and competitiveness of renewable energies, together with the deployment of 5G technology and the falling costs of enabling technology such as the Internet of Things or smart metering, will boost the expansion of smart energy grids. These enable energy demand to be regulated, incidents to be detected and they transform users into not just consumers but producers too.

Green hydrogen

Green hydrogen has a strong potential, particularly in transport, given its lower carbon footprint compared to existing energy supplies. Some green hydrogen projects are already underway. In South Korea, a fuel cell power plant in Incheon is the first large-scale hydrogen power plant (78 megawatts) that supplies 250,000 homes and heats a further 44,000.

In the Lower Saxony region of Germany, hydrogen trains provided by the company Alstom will replace 14 diesel-powered trains

Artificial intelligence

With the help of AI software, decentralized energy sources can send any excess electricity they produce to the grid. It also conducts preventive maintenance tasks to prevent faults. Lastly, the growing installation of smart meters is generating data, which AI algorithms can use to predict demand and grid capacity.

Legal boost

It is not technology per se, but without government or legislative support to promote model changes, everything is more difficult. In the case of Mexico, the country has set a target for 45% of its energy to come from renewable sources by 2024. In 2022, the government of Mexico City installed solar panels with a generation capacity of 18 MW to create the world’s biggest urban solar farm. The project is financed by a national fund for the energy transition.

Photographs | Unsplash/Andrey Metelev, Unsplash/Jeroen van de Water

Related content

Recommended profiles for you

JG
Jiali Guo
Shanshui
SN
Shu Yi Neoh
Petronas
Business performance improvement executive
PM
Pedro Marín Cots
OMAU Málaga Council
Director
BT
Benmesah Taleb
DEO ELECTRONIQUE
I am on the lead of purchasing and Sales operations within the company
MW
Maximilian Wunsch
European Digital Innovation Hub Thuriniga - Bauhaus.Mobility Hub
AD
Adriana Patricia Díaz
Municipio de S. S. de Jujuy
AC
Angelos Chronis
Infrared City GmbH
PR
Priyanka Radjou
Consulting
FG
Fabiola Guillen
Resilient Cities Network
JK
Johann Koinegg
ITG Graz
Business Consulting, Project Management
EB
Elisabet Berges Franco
Aigües de Barcelona
IG
Irem Gecioglu
Macromedia University
I am a master’s student in Smart City Design department.
RT
Richard Tavares de Souza
Empresa Municipal de Pavimentação e Urbanidades - EMPAV
YW
Yanshu Wei
KTH
Student (Electrical engineering in bachelor and now majoring Energy for Smart Cties)
LV
Leonardo Vasquez
Getcol.com
Sales director
AH
Angel Herrera
TCT Corp
Owner
JO
Jorge Junior Ordinola Juárez
Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería
CA
Crox Alvarado
SOLIDTEC
Manager
AB
Angel Berrones
Defensoría Pública
Analista
FD
Florijn de Graaf
SmartHoods